The performance of a computer depends on the operation of many components that make up the system unit, therefore, when malfunctions occur, it is not always possible to immediately determine which part is out of order. Particularly difficult to identify the reason why the computer refuses to function is caused by a breakdown when The computer turns on and after a few seconds it turns off by itself.

Why this happens and what to do when the system manager does not want to start will be detailed below.

Possible causes of malfunction

If the computer refuses to boot, then the following malfunctions can often be the cause of this behavior:

• The power supply has failed.
• Short circuit.
• Overheat.

The last reason is most often manifested when the processor cooler is faulty, overheating of which, in this case, can be caused during a short time without cooling.

Sometimes a system unit shutdown can occur after a few minutes of computer operation with a faulty fan.

A failed power supply can also cause the system unit to turn off when it starts up. A short circuit can be caused by various metal objects that could be on the computer board. In this case, the permanent protection of sensitive electronics will be triggered and the power supply to the closed section of the circuit will be terminated. If you continue trying to start the computer, the protection will work again, and you will not be able to start the computer.

Troubleshooting

In order to fix the problem, it is necessary to make a correct “diagnosis”.

If the system unit turns on and after 15 seconds spontaneously turns off due to overheating, then it is necessary to start diagnosing the cooling system using a visual diagnosis of the malfunction. To do this, just remove the side cover of the computer and make sure that the cooler fan starts working immediately after turning on the system unit. If this does not happen, then it is necessary to replace the fan, or troubleshoot the connection of this part.

If the problem of turning off the system unit occurs when restarted after a long period of operation, then with a working cooler, but a significant dust coating on the radiator fins, overheating can be caused by significant contamination of the heat sink surface of the radiator. In this case, the problem is solved by thoroughly cleaning the cooler from dust.

In some cases, with a working fan, overheating can be caused by complete drying of the heat-conducting paste between the processor surface and the cooler heatsink plane. In this case, you need to apply a new layer of paste, and the computer will stop turning off at startup.

It is much more difficult to establish the exact malfunction of the computer's power supply. If the system unit turns off after a few seconds of operation, then the most correct option for checking this part is to replace it with a known-good unit. If this is not possible, then you should disconnect all the wires coming from the system unit and use a tester to measure the voltage in each wire, including establishing the absence of a break in the "ground" that connects to the computer's hard drives. This process is the longest, but allows you to accurately determine the malfunction of the pulsed current source. The tester must measure the voltage and current of all pairs of wires coming from the power supply.

The search for closed areas can be quite long, and may take some time. If the short circuit is caused by a small object, then the simplest method of removing a small metal object can be done with a complete internal cleaning.

If, after cleaning, the problem recurs again, then the short circuit should be looked for in those places where the soldering was recently carried out, or the wires were connected.

Conclusion

If the system unit turns itself off after being turned on, then to identify a malfunction, you can invite a computer specialist who can use a special program to diagnose various computer systems, including those based on the Windows 7 operating system. Typically, such diagnostic methods allow you to determine the malfunction in 2 seconds.

1. Why does the computer turn off after a certain time by itself.
2. Why does the computer turn off during the game.
3. Why does the computer turn off immediately after turning it on.

The main reasons for unauthorized shutdown of the computer

1. System overheating;
2. Viruses;
3. Conflict between installed drivers/programs.

Let's now look at all of the above in detail. I just want to draw your attention, dear readers, to the fact that I will describe all the reasons for the spontaneous shutdown of the computer in order from the most frequent to the rarest reasons. So…

Why does the computer turn off by itself

1. System overheating. Most radio components, during operation, emit a certain amount of heat, i.e. heat up. In order for them to work stably, and during operation they do not heat up to a critical temperature, cooling is installed on them - active (fans / coolers) or passive (radiators). If the cooling does not work well or does not work at all, the computer begins to freeze or turn off on its own.

If this is the reason, then look at the computer while it is working from the inside, and find out:

- are all fans working, in particular: on the processor, video card, power supply, on the walls of the case. If any fans are not working, then they need to be replaced. The exception is the coolers on the case itself, because. you can just leave the system unit open so that the air ventilation is natural.

- whether there is a layer of dust on fans, radiators and other parts. After all, dust prevents the dissipation of residual heat from the parts, which also leads to constant freezes and unauthorized shutdown of the computer;

- Is your system unit in any niche, closed on all sides, except for the front side? In this case, the hot air from the system unit has nowhere to go, which also leads to a constant elevated temperature, and, accordingly, unstable computer operation.

If the computer is more than one year old, then dried thermal paste, a special viscous mixture that is applied between the heat dissipation element (processors, chipsets) and the cooling system (radiators) for better heat dissipation, can become the cause of the system overheating.

Many are interested in the question: "Why does my computer shut down while playing games?" The answer is simple: The fact is that computer games, like working in Photoshop, video processing and other similar operations cause a greater load on the system than working with documents. Thus, more resources are spent, and accordingly more heat is released. The solution to this problem is the points that I discussed above.

2. Computer viruses. Computer viruses cause the computer, as in the case of computer games, an increased load on the system. Thus, they are also one of the key reasons for spontaneous computer shutdown.

3. Conflict between installed drivers. Drivers are firmware that make computer components work or work properly. There are times when some components are not compatible or poorly compatible with each other, and as a result, sometimes cause a failure during the operation of the entire system. If the previous points did not help, try reinstalling the drivers.

4. Unstable voltage in the mains. In large cities, this situation is not so obvious, but in urban-type settlements or villages it is a different matter. In my village, the voltage is still constantly jumping with a strong wind. In any case, the technique does not like such manifestations, therefore, install a surge protector, or even better, if you additionally buy an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

I will also tell you the following situation on the topic of stress: When I was still living with my parents, and I didn’t really understand hardware, my computer constantly turned off without permission immediately after turning it on. No matter how many masters came, no one could help. A little later (a week later) I noticed that turning it off in some strange way coincided with turning on the refrigerator (“Minsk”) in the kitchen. When I moved the kitchen furniture to get to the refrigerator outlet, I was simply amazed: the outlet was already almost incinerated, and when the refrigerator was turned on / off, there was a power surge throughout the electrical network of the apartment. And, of course, my computer "jumped" along with other electrical appliances.

5. Conflict in work between installed programs and computer components. Since computer programs are updated much faster than we buy hardware, it happens that a new program does not work correctly on an outdated computer. For example: I have hardware for 2006 on this old PC. When I launch the Mozilla Firefox browser after turning on the computer, my computer first freezes, and after 5 seconds it just turns off by itself. To avoid this, I first turn on the PC, then restart it, and after restarting Firefox works fine.

6. Breakdown of the hard disk (HDD). Information in computers is stored on a hard disk. If you hear a strange “metal rattle” when you turn on or operate your PC, this indicates that it is gradually becoming unusable. As soon as the read head hits the worn sectors of the hard drive, the computer may turn off by itself. There are programs with which you can check the operation of the hard drive. When troubleshooting, it is better to purchase a new drive, and transfer all important information to it, and turn this one off and remove it from the system unit.

7. Capacitors. Today there is nothing eternal, except for life in the Lord, of course. If you have checked everything I wrote about earlier, look carefully at the radio components in the system unit, in particular, at the capacitors.

If they have lost their even cylindrical shape and look like they are “swollen”, or if there are traces of streaks on them, then they can be the reason for the constant spontaneous shutdown of the computer.

8. Incorrectly configured or installed operating system (OS) and other programs. Sometimes it happens. You can’t give a definite recipe here, you need to look at a specialist.

9. Spontaneous shutdown of the laptop every 25, 30 or other time after switching on. If the time matches exactly as I wrote, then this most likely indicates the incompatibility of the processor with the motherboard. This often happens after repairing a laptop by “craftsmen”.

10. Weak power supply. If the computer spontaneously turns off under load, for example, in "heavy" computer games, then the cause may be a weak power supply, because. the more the system is loaded with programs, the more the system needs the power of the power supply. If there is not enough power, the computer turns off. Thanks for the idea, Eugene, from the comments to the article.

If I remember anything else, I will supplement the article, but I will also be glad to listen to your experience, dear readers, about the reasons for the unauthorized shutdown of the computer.

Finally, I will say, be attentive to those to whom you give your equipment for repair. Unfortunately, now there are many "theoretical specialists" who think about money, rather than about solving your problem.

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More than sure, my blog is not the first place where you are looking for the answer to the question "why does the computer turn off." I hope this is the last place where you are looking for a possible cause and how to fix it.

Recently, I also encountered such a mystery, reviewed hundreds of sites, and their main problem is that they put emphasis on one thing. Someone writes that the matter is in the PSU, others insist on cleaning the computer. Yes, indeed, because of this, the PC may turn off, but there are still a lot of reasons that I will write everything in this post, and you can independently carry out diagnostics at home.

Dust, capacitors, thermal paste

I decided to combine 3 problems in one place, for the reason that in any of the cases it is necessary to disassemble the system unit, why not do it all at once. In addition, if this is not the case, it will never be superfluous to clean the PC, check the capacitors and change the thermal paste. I generally recommend doing this twice a year.

Turns off due to dust

The first time I encountered such a problem many years ago. It was my first computer, I played on it and nothing more. After 2 years, the PC began to turn off for no reason, you turn it on, it works a little and turns off. I took it to a service center, they laughed, cleaned it, and said that the computer is the second vacuum cleaner in the house. Since then, I have not run this moment, and have not encountered such a problem again.

How to clean your computer from dust

I do this as follows: I open the cover of the system unit, take it out to the balcony, put the vacuum cleaner on blowing. So we blow for a couple of minutes and everything will be like from the store. Here is another good video I saw on YouTube, I recommend watching it:

Apply thermal paste

Personally, in my experience, it was such that the computer turned off due to a large layer of thermal paste, so you need to apply it correctly. I recommend buying a disposable tube / bag, squeezing out quite a bit of watery liquid from it until a normal paste comes out (it resembles toothpaste in consistency). After that, drip directly onto the center of the processor and rub. It is best to do this not with bare hands, but wrap a disposable bag around your finger.

Perhaps it will be better and easier if I show you in the video how to apply thermal paste correctly:

Checking capacitors

Take this very seriously, because due to faulty and swollen capacitors, your motherboard and its components can burn out. To check and find swollen capacitors, disassemble the computer and carefully inspect all capacitors (they look like a barrel), an example of a bad capacitor:

Also, in addition to the motherboard, you need to check the capacitors in the power supply. Take it apart and inspect it very carefully.

If you find swollen capacitors, replace them or take them to the service center and let them solder new ones to you.

Turns off due to overheating

Your computer turns off automatically when it reaches a critical temperature (70-80 degrees). This is necessary so that the motherboard does not burn out. Despite the fact that this is an emergency shutdown, if you constantly turn on the computer over and over again, then your components may burn out. Personally, my video card burned out like that.

How to check cpu temperature

You can find out the processor temperature in 2 ways: 1 - in the BIOS, 2 - using a special program. To begin with, let's figure out when your computer turns off: under load (in games and when watching videos) or even without load? If under load, we will test with the help of programs, even if at idle, then you can also look in the BIOS.

Check temperature in BIOS

First you need to get into it. Reboot your PC and press "Delete" or "F1" depending on your motherboard. Now you need to find the "Hardware Monitor" tab

Where "CPU Temperature" is the temperature of your processor and it should not rise to 70 degrees Celsius. Leave this tab for a while and do not touch the computer. If within 10-15 minutes the temperature rises more than 60 degrees, then your processor is not working.

It is possible that you have problems with cooling, change the thermal paste and look at the CPU fan with the computer turned on (it should rotate).

Also, in the screenshot above, pay attention to line 3, where “CPU Fan Speed” is the rotation speed of your cooler. It should be at least 1000, and preferably 2000 for proper cooling.

Temperature monitoring program

If the computer turns off from overheating only in games (under load), then testing in BIOS is not suitable for us.

Download the free CPUID HWMonitor program from the official website https://www.cpuid.com/softwares/hwmonitor-pro.html

Install and run the utility. Now you can check the temperature:

Close the program and start the game. After you turn off your computer, let it cool down and turn it on. In the folder with the program, you will have a text file in which there will be a report - open it and look at what temperature the computer turned off.

You can treat with the help of a new cooling system, additional coolers, and be sure not to forget to change the thermal paste. This applies not only to the processor, but also to the video card.

Nutrition problem

Have you noticed power outages? The computer works smoothly in the range of 200-240 volts. If more or less protection works and the computer turns off. 1, 2, 3, 5 times is fine, and then the computer's PB fails.

Also, it is worth trying to plug the computer into a different outlet, I personally had this. In addition, disassemble the computer and check if the wires and cables are tightly connected.

Turns off due to new components

For example, you bought a new video card, very quickly ran home to test it, and then bam and the computer turned off. A couple of questions for you: how many watts is your PSU, before you upgrade did you figure out how much power your PSU needs?

Enter all your hardware, and it will show you how much you need to put the PSU. From my experience I will say that today 600 watts is quite enough.

OS bugs

A fairly common problem is that the computer is cut down due to some kind of system error. Specialists always look at the log files, after which everything becomes clear. Problems sometimes arise due to drivers, therefore it is recommended. Perhaps some file was deleted and a million more reasons, including viruses. If all of the above methods did not help determine the problem, it would be nice if you.

RAM problems

It happens when the RAM fails, this failure is typical - the computer freezes when copying, shutting down and starting programs. Determining if the RAM is working properly is quite simple:

Windows 7-10 - open start and paste - mdsched then hit enter. Next, click "restart your computer" and wait for the result (10-20 minutes).

After the verification is completed, you will have one of two things, either errors will appear or there will be a “no errors found” notification.

Conclusion

You know, I end most of the entries with the phrase:

In such a not cunning way, we saved money and didn’t take anything anywhere!

So, in this case, I myself recently prefer to take the computer for diagnostics. As experience shows, if the computer turns off by itself, this is not a mystery for a couple of hours and you have to tinker. It’s good if something is banal, but there are such cases when, for example, the cable has dried up or the contact has broken off somewhere, the PSU has played up, etc. and this is not so easy to see at first glance.

I think it's better to leave a couple of dollars in the SC and spend time rationally. You will rest and people will have work).

A computer is a complex device where each component must work correctly, ensuring the smooth operation of the entire system. If you experience a serious problem with your computer, for protection purposes, it may suddenly turn off immediately after being turned on.

The problem with a sudden shutdown of the computer is quite common, and there are not so many reasons for the occurrence of such a problem. Below we will consider the main ones that most often affect the appearance of such a breakdown.

Tip: if the BIOS makes sounds before shutting down, they must be remembered and punched through any search engine. Often, the BIOS can tell the user what problem in the computer caused it to abruptly shut down, and therefore you can identify the cause much faster and, accordingly, solve the problem.

Reason 1: cooling system failure

First of all, faced with a sharp shutdown of the computer immediately or almost immediately after turning it on, you should look under the case of the system unit and see if there is dust and dirt in it.

If the computer has not been cleaned for years, then dirt and dust in large volumes could accumulate on coolers, boards, microcircuits, etc. If you see that there is enough dust in the system unit, it must be collected with a vacuum cleaner, and then carefully cleaned with a brush from the remnants.

Particular attention should be paid to the cooling system: thoroughly clean the heatsink and cooler and dust, and replace the thermal paste between the heatsink and the processor. After assembling the computer, turn it on and check if the cooler is spinning - it is quite possible that the fan is completely out of order, and here it may already need to be replaced.

Reason 2: RAM problems

Incorrect connection of RAM or failure of the bar can cause a problem with a sudden shutdown of the computer.

Carefully inspect the computer's RAM: whether all the bars are connected normally. It is recommended to carefully inspect the strips themselves and the slots into which they are connected: if damage is found, this only confirms the cause of the problem.

If several sticks of RAM are connected to the computer, it is recommended to turn off and check the computer’s performance one by one: if one stick fails, the computer will start up and work normally.

Reason 3: Problems in the power supply

The power supply is the most important device of a computer, which plays an important role in its correct operation. Faced with a system shutdown, you need to think about the performance of the power supply.

It is imperative to inspect the internal component of the power supply: whether it is clogged with dust, whether a foreign object has entered its insides, causing a short circuit, and whether the capacitors are swollen.

Reason 4: Problems with the motherboard

Quite often, the reason for a sudden shutdown of a computer can be caused by the computer's motherboard: failure of any of the connectors, a problem with capacitors, and so on. In this case, as a rule, the motherboard needs to be completely replaced.

Reason 5: BIOS failure

As a rule, this cause of the problem concerns you if you have ever made changes to the BIOS settings before. Incorrectly set parameters can easily cause the computer to turn on at first, but will abruptly shut down due to the inability to continue working.

In this case, collecting BIOS settings will help to get out of the situation. As a rule, a similar procedure can be performed if you enter the BIOS, and then find and select the option Load Optimized Defaults, Load Fail-Safe Defaults, or Load Setup Defaults.

These are the main reasons that can tell you why the computer shuts down abruptly. If you cannot fix the problem on your own, do not delay going to the service center.

Then you should not immediately start to panic, mentally counting the unforeseen costs of buying a new computing system.

Modern computers are quite reliable and do not break down too often (hardware is implied), so with careful use, the likelihood of a serious breakdown is small. That is why, if after turning on the computer turns off, then you first need to make sure that the failure does not occur due to some banal trifle.

Starting with the simplest

It is quite obvious that if power is supplied and turned off by pressing the Power button, then the test should begin with it. To do this, you need to remove the left side cover of the system case and carefully inspect the pads to which the wires from the buttons, speaker, and indication diodes are connected. The task is simple: you need to temporarily disconnect the connector that goes to the power button (its two pins are labeled Power or PWR). After that, you can turn on the system by briefly closing these contacts with a screwdriver.

If the failure has disappeared, then close again, holding the screwdriver on the desired contacts for about 4 seconds - the computer immediately turns off, or simply turn off the power. After that, it remains to revise the button or, which is easier, switch the connector from Reset to Power (they have the same contact closure diagram): in any case, hot restart is currently almost never used by most users.

Operation of electrical protections

Although all expansion components connected to the motherboard are fixed in one way or another, sometimes a partial contact failure occurs, and the computer turns on and off immediately due to protection in the power supply or logic circuits of the board itself. The most common cause is removing the discrete graphics card from the socket. Sometimes it is enough to accidentally move the system unit or slightly touch the cable that goes from the computer to the monitor so that it is partially removed from the connector. The consequences can be different: from working only in 2D mode to freezes. It is also quite possible to encounter the fact that the computer turns on and immediately turns off. A similar problem may be related to memory modules. Moreover, a computer in which the memory bar was not correctly latched can work for years until the failure manifests itself.

So, if the computer turns on and immediately turns off, then you need to remove the video card and memory modules from the connectors, clean their contacts from the oxide film with a stationery eraser and carefully install them back.

Did you call Cinderella?

Many computer owners forget that the system unit requires periodic cleaning of dust. It not only violates the temperature regime of the components, but can also close the tracks on the board. To avoid this, we recommend that you thoroughly purge the entire system unit at least once every 6 months. Sometimes, after cleaning, the normal operation of the computer is restored.

Power supply - the basis of the system

When buying a new power supply, many consultants honestly warn that the life of this element is less than that of other components, and it requires periodic replacement. This is especially true for budget models with "inflated" watts. Thus, if power-on failures occur, then you need to check the operability of the system with a different power supply. It is possible that its power is simply not enough. By the way, if there is a voltage switch on the power supply case, you need to make sure that the desired mode is set.

We calculate the "culprit"

Experienced users, when determining the cause of such a failure, proceed as follows:

Disable all non-primary expansion cards and memory modules (leave one - obviously working);

Disconnect all plugs from the block on the board;

Disconnect and reconnect all power wire connectors.

If the problem persists, then you need to check the performance of the motherboard and the central processor. However, this can only be done if there is something to replace them with.